Who may benefit
RFA is most often used for chronic pain from the facet joints of the neck or low back. It may also be considered for sacroiliac joint pain and for knee pain related to arthritis. It is usually considered after more conservative treatments have not given enough relief.
Testing comes first
Before RFA, we confirm that the targeted nerves are actually responsible for your pain. This is done with one or more diagnostic nerve blocks — a small amount of numbing medicine placed near the nerves. If the block gives clear short-term relief, RFA may be a good next step.
What to expect
- The procedure is done as an outpatient with local anesthetic, and sometimes light sedation.
- Using X-ray guidance, the physician places thin needles next to the targeted nerves and checks their position carefully.
- A specialized probe delivers radiofrequency energy that heats a tiny area of the nerve so it stops sending pain signals.
- Soreness at the treatment area for several days, sometimes longer, is common before improvement is noticed.
How long does relief last?
Results differ from person to person. When RFA helps, relief can last for months. Because nerves can gradually regrow, pain may return over time, and the procedure can often be repeated if it worked well before.
Preparing for RFA
- Tell us about every medication you take, especially blood thinners (for example warfarin, apixaban, clopidogrel, or daily aspirin). Do not stop a blood thinner on your own — we will coordinate with the doctor who prescribes it.
- Let us know if you have diabetes, an allergy to contrast dye, iodine, latex, or local anesthetics, or if you may be pregnant.
- If you will receive sedation, plan on having an adult drive you home.
- Call us if you develop a fever or infection before your procedure date.
Risks
All procedures carry some risk. Depending on the treatment, possible risks can include soreness or bruising where the needle was placed, bleeding, infection, a temporary rise in pain, allergic reaction to a medication, and, rarely, nerve injury. If a steroid is used, some people notice short-term flushing, trouble sleeping, or higher blood sugar. Your provider will go over the specific risks, benefits, and alternatives for your situation before you decide.
Exercises you can do at home
Staying active is an important part of most pain treatment plans. See our low back (lumbar) exercises, neck (cervical) exercises, and knee exercises for gentle stretches and strengthening options in lying, seated, and standing positions. Please ask your provider before starting, especially after a procedure.
This page is for general education and is not a substitute for an evaluation by a medical professional. Results vary, and no treatment works for everyone. Your provider will discuss whether this option is appropriate for you, along with its benefits, risks, and alternatives. Insurance coverage varies by plan — please call to verify.